MySQL 教程

更新时间2025-08-20

GROUP BY EXISTS

MySQL HAVING 子句

HAVING 子句已添加到 SQL，因为 WHERE 关键字不能与聚合函数一起使用。

HAVING 语法

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition GROUP BY column_name(s)HAVING conditionORDER BY column_name(s);

演示数据库

以下是 Northwind 示例数据库中"Customers"表的选择:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

MySQL HAVING 示例

以下 SQL 语句列出了每个地区的客户数量。仅包括拥有 5 个以上客户的地区:

实例

SELECT COUNT(CustomerID), CountryFROM CustomersGROUP BY Country HAVING COUNT(CustomerID) > 5;

以下 SQL 语句列出了每个地区的客户数量，从高到低排序（仅包括客户超过 5 个的地区）:

实例

SELECT COUNT(CustomerID), CountryFROM CustomersGROUP BY CountryHAVING COUNT(CustomerID) > 5 ORDER BY COUNT(CustomerID) DESC;

演示数据库

以下是 Northwind 示例数据库中"Orders"表的选择:

OrderID	CustomerID	EmployeeID	OrderDate	ShipperID
10248	90	5	1996-07-04	3
10249	81	6	1996-07-05	1
10250	34	4	1996-07-08	2

以及从"Employees"表中选择的内容:

EmployeeID	LastName	FirstName	BirthDate	Photo	Notes
1	Davolio	Nancy	1968-12-08	EmpID1.pic	Education includes a BA....
2	Fuller	Andrew	1952-02-19	EmpID2.pic	Andrew received his BTS....
3	Leverling	Janet	1963-08-30	EmpID3.pic	Janet has a BS degree....

更多 HAVING 示例

以下 SQL 语句列出了注册超过 10 个订单的员工:

实例

SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrdersFROM (OrdersINNER JOIN Employees ON Orders.EmployeeID = Employees.EmployeeID) GROUP BY LastNameHAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 10;

以下 SQL 语句列出员工"Davolio"或"Fuller"是否已注册超过 25 个订单:

实例

SELECT Employees.LastName, COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrdersFROM Orders INNER JOIN Employees ON Orders.EmployeeID = Employees.EmployeeID WHERE LastName = 'Davolio' OR LastName = 'Fuller'GROUP BY LastNameHAVING COUNT(Orders.OrderID) > 25;

GROUP BY EXISTS

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