程序设计导引及在线实践

目 录
序 ......................................................................................................................................................5
前 言 ..............................................................................................................................................7
致 谢 ..............................................................................................................................................9
第一章 C/C++语言概述.................................................................................................................10
1.1 程序的基本框架.............................................................................................................10
1.2 变量.................................................................................................................................11
1.2.1 变量的定义...........................................................................................................11
1.2.2 变量的赋值...........................................................................................................11
1.2.3 变量的引用...........................................................................................................12
1.3 C/C++语言的数据类型...................................................................................................12
1.4 常量.................................................................................................................................14
1.5 运算符和表达式.............................................................................................................15
1.5.1 算术运算符...........................................................................................................15
1.5.2 赋值运算符...........................................................................................................17
1.5.3 关系运算符...........................................................................................................17
1.5.4 逻辑运算符............................................................................................................17
1.5.5 位运算符................................................................................................................18
1.6 注释.................................................................................................................................22
1.7 分支语句..........................................................................................................................23
1.7.1 if 语句................................................................................................................23
1.7.2 switch语句..........................................................................................................24
1.8 循环语句..........................................................................................................................26
1.8.1 for语句...................................................................................................................27
1.8.2 while 语句.............................................................................................................28
1.8.3 do-while 语句 .......................................................................................................28
1.8.4 break 语句.............................................................................................................29
1.8.5 continue 语句........................................................................................................30
1.9 函数.................................................................................................................................30
1.9.1 函数的定义...........................................................................................................31
1.9.2 函数的调用...........................................................................................................32
1.9.3 参数传递和返回值...............................................................................................32
1.9.4 库函数和头文件...................................................................................................33
1.10 标准输入输出...............................................................................................................33
1.10.1 printf函数（标准输出函数）.............................................................................34
1.10.2 scanf函数（标准输入函数） .............................................................................35
1.11 全局变量和局部变量....................................................................................................35
1.12 数组...............................................................................................................................37
1.12.1 一维数组..............................................................................................................37
1.12.2 二维数组..............................................................................................................39
1.12.3 数组的初始化......................................................................................................40
1.12.4 数组越界..............................................................................................................41
1.13 字符串............................................................................................................................41