Java如何使用POI生成联动下拉框的excel表格实例

本文通过实例代码给大家分享java 使用poi生成带联动下拉框的excel表格，代码简单易懂，非常不错，具有参考借鉴价值，需要的朋友参考下吧

废话不多说了，直接给大家贴代码了，具体代码如下所示：

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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
public class ExcelLinkage {
 // 样式
 private HSSFCellStyle cellStyle;
 // 初始化省份数据
 private List<String> province = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("湖南",
   "广东"));
 // 初始化数据（湖南的市区）
 private List<String> hnCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("长沙市",
   "邵阳市"));
 // 初始化数据（广东市区）
 private List<String> gdCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("深圳市",
   "广州市"));
 public void setDataCellStyles(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet) {
  cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
  // 设置边框
  cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
  cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
  cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
  cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
  // 设置背景色
  cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_GREEN.index);
  cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
  // 设置居中
  cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
  // 设置字体
  HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
  font.setFontName("宋体");
  font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11); // 设置字体大小
  cellStyle.setFont(font);// 选择需要用到的字体格式
  // 设置单元格格式为文本格式（这里还可以设置成其他格式,可以自行百度）
  HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();
  cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));
 }
 /**
  * 创建数据域（下拉联动的数据）
  * 
  * @param workbook
  * @param hideSheetName
  *   数据域名称
  */
 private void creatHideSheet(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
  // 创建数据域
  HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(hideSheetName);
  // 用于记录行
  int rowRecord = 0;
  // 获取行（从0下标开始）
  HSSFRow provinceRow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
  // 创建省份数据
  this.creatRow(provinceRow, province);
  // 根据省份插入对应的市信息
  rowRecord++;
  for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
   List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
   // 我这里是写死的 ， 实际中应该从数据库直接获取更好
   if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
    // 将省份名称放在插入市的第一列， 这个在后面的名称管理中需要用到
    list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
    list.addAll(hnCity);
   } else {
    list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
    list.addAll(gdCity);
   }
   //获取行
   HSSFRow Cityrow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
   // 创建省份数据
   this.creatRow(Cityrow, list);
   rowRecord++;
  }
 }
 /**
  * 创建一列数据
  * 
  * @param currentRow
  * @param textList
  */
 public void creatRow(HSSFRow currentRow, List<String> text) {
  if (text != null) {
   int i = 0;
   for (String cellValue : text) {
    // 注意列是从（1）下标开始
    HSSFCell userNameLableCell = currentRow.createCell(i++);
    userNameLableCell.setCellValue(cellValue);
   }
  }
 }
 /**
  * 名称管理
  * 
  * @param workbook
  * @param hideSheetName
  *   数据域的sheet名
  */
 private void creatExcelNameList(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
  Name name;
  name = workbook.createName();
  // 设置省名称
  name.setNameName("province");
  name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$A$1:$"
    + this.getcellColumnFlag(province.size())+ "$1");
  // 设置省下面的市
  for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
   List<String> num = new ArrayList<String>(); 
   if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
    name = workbook.createName();
    num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
    num.addAll(hnCity);
    name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
    name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
       + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
   } else {
    name = workbook.createName();
    num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
    num.addAll(gdCity);
    name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
    name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
       + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
   }
  }
 }
 // 根据数据值确定单元格位置（比如：28-AB）
 private String getcellColumnFlag(int num) {
  String columFiled = "";
  int chuNum = 0;
  int yuNum = 0;
  if (num >= 1 && num <= 26) {
   columFiled = this.doHandle(num);
  } else {
   chuNum = num / 26;
   yuNum = num % 26;
   columFiled += this.doHandle(chuNum);
   columFiled += this.doHandle(yuNum);
  }
  return columFiled;
 }
 private String doHandle(final int num) {
  String[] charArr = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J",
    "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V",
    "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
  return charArr[num - 1].toString();
 }
 /**
  * 使用已定义的数据源方式设置一个数据验证
  * 
  * @param formulaString
  * @param naturalRowIndex
  * @param naturalColumnIndex
  * @return
  */
 public DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(String formulaString,
   int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex) {
  // 加载下拉列表内容
  DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint
    .createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
  // 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
  // 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
  int firstRow = naturalRowIndex;
  int lastRow = naturalRowIndex;
  int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
  int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
  CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
    lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
  // 数据有效性对象
  DataValidation data_validation_list = new HSSFDataValidation(regions,
    constraint);
  return data_validation_list;
 }
 /**
  * 创建一列数据
  * 
  * @param hssfSheet
  */
 public void creatAppRow(HSSFSheet hssfSheet, int naturalRowIndex) {
  // 获取行
  HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.createRow(naturalRowIndex);
  HSSFCell province = hssfRow.createCell(0);
  province.setCellValue("");
  province.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
  HSSFCell City = hssfRow.createCell(1);
  City.setCellValue("");
  City.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
  // 得到验证对象
  DataValidation data_validation_list1 = this.getDataValidationByFormula(
    "province", naturalRowIndex, 1);
  DataValidation data_validation_list2 = this
    .getDataValidationByFormula("INDIRECT($A"
      + (naturalRowIndex + 1) + ")", naturalRowIndex, 2);
  // 工作表添加验证数据
  hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list1);
  hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list2);
 }
 public void Export() {
  try {
   File file = new File("F:/excel.xls");
   FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
   // 创建excel
   HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
   // 设置sheet 名称
   HSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.createSheet("excel");
   // 设置样式
   this.setDataCellStyles(workbook, excelSheet);
   // 创建一个隐藏页和隐藏数据集
   this.creatHideSheet(workbook, "shutDataSource");
   // 设置名称数据集
   this.creatExcelNameList(workbook, "shutDataSource");
   // 创建一行数据
   for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
    this.creatAppRow(excelSheet,i);
   }
   workbook.write(outputStream);
   outputStream.close();
  } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  ExcelLinkage linkage = new ExcelLinkage();
  linkage.Export();
 }
}

总结