Django连接SQL Server实例：解决主机名转义与连接超时问题

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': "reporting",
        'HOST': 'DESKTOP-RC52TD0SQL2022', # 问题所在：实例名包含反斜杠
        'PORT': 1433,
        'USER': "sa",
        'PASSWORD': "Root_1421",
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': 'reporting',
        'HOST': '192.168.211.225,56985', # 关键：使用IP地址和端口号，以逗号分隔
        'PORT': '', # 关键：PORT参数留空
        'USER': 'your_username',
        'PASSWORD': 'your_password',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

version: '3'

services:
  web:
    # ... 其他配置 ...
    environment:
      - DB_HOST="192.168.211.225,56985" # 确保这里是正确的IP和端口组合
      - DB_NAME=reporting
      - DB_USER=sa
      - DB_PASSWORD=Root_1421
      - DB_PORT="" # PORT参数留空
    # ... 其他配置 ...

import environ

env = environ.Env(
    # 定义默认值和类型
    DB_HOST=(str, '127.0.0.1,1433'),
    DB_PORT=(str, ''),
    # ... 其他数据库变量 ...
)
environ.Env.read_env() # 读取 .env 文件

DATABASES = {
    'default': env.db_url(
        'SQLSERVER_URL',
        engine='mssql',
        conn_max_age=600,
        options={
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        }
    )
}
# 或者直接配置
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': env('DB_NAME'),
        'HOST': env('DB_HOST'),
        'PORT': env('DB_PORT'),
        'USER': env('DB_USER'),
        'PASSWORD': env('DB_PASSWORD'),
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

FROM ubuntu:18.04
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl apt-transport-https python3 python3-pip python3-venv python-dev locales nano
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/18.04/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y gnupg2

# ODBC 17 DEPENDENCIES
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install msodbcsql17 freetds-dev tdsodbc

# 可选：安装mssql-tools，用于测试连接（如sqlcmd）
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install mssql-tools
RUN echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
RUN /bin/bash -c "source ~/.bashrc"

RUN apt-get install -y unixodbc-dev

RUN mkdir /code
WORKDIR /code
ADD requirements.txt /code/

RUN python3 -m venv /venv
ENV PATH="/venv/bin:$PATH"
RUN /venv/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip && 
    /venv/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt -v

ADD . /code/

RUN echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen
RUN locale-gen

Django==3.2.23
mssql-django==1.3
djangorestframework>=3.12.4,<=3.13
drf-spectacular>=0.15.1,<=0.16
Pillow>=8.2.0,<=8.3.0
django-environ>=0.11.2,<=0.12