测试您的 laravel 应用程序对于确保您的代码按预期工作至关重要。 pest 是一个 php 测试框架，设计简约且用户友好。在这篇博文中，我们将逐步使用 pest 在 laravel 中创建一个测试用例，重点关注一个测试雇主记录创建的示例，包括上传徽标。
先决条件
- laravel 应用程序设置
- pest 安装在你的 laravel 应用程序中
如果您还没有安装 pest，您可以按照 pest 官方安装指南进行安装。
第 1 步：设置模型和关系
确保您的用户和雇主模型正确设置并具有必要的关系。
用户模型（app/models/user.php）：
namespace app\models;
use illuminate\foundation\auth\user as authenticatable;
use illuminate\database\eloquent\relations\hasone;
class user extends authenticatable
{
public function employer(): hasone
{
return $this->hasone(employer::class);
}
}
雇主模型（app/models/employer.php）：
namespace app\models;
use illuminate\database\eloquent\model;
use illuminate\database\eloquent\relations\belongsto;
class employer extends model
{
protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'phone', 'address', 'city', 'website', 'user_id', 'logo'];
public function user(): belongsto
{
return $this->belongsto(user::class);
}
}
第二步：设立工厂
创建用于生成测试数据的工厂。
用户工厂（database/factories/userfactory.php）：
namespace database\factories;
use app\models\user;
use illuminate\database\eloquent\factories\factory;
use illuminate\support\str;
class userfactory extends factory
{
protected $model = user::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->name(),
'email' => $this->faker->unique()->safeemail(),
'email_verified_at' => now(),
'password' => bcrypt('password'), // password
'remember_token' => str::random(10),
];
}
}
雇主工厂（数据库/工厂/employerfactory.php）：
namespace database\factories;
use app\models\employer;
use illuminate\database\eloquent\factories\factory;
use illuminate\http\uploadedfile;
class employerfactory extends factory
{
protected $model = employer::class;
public function definition()
{
return [
'name' => $this->faker->company,
'email' => $this->faker->companyemail,
'phone' => $this->faker->phonenumber,
'address' => $this->faker->address,
'city' => $this->faker->city,
'website' => $this->faker->url,
uploadedfile::fake()->image('logo.png')
];
}
}
第三步：编写控制器
创建一个控制器方法来处理雇主的创建。
雇主控制器（app/http/controllers/employercontroller.php）：
namespace app\http\controllers;
use illuminate\http\request;
use app\models\employer;
use illuminate\support\facades\storage;
class employercontroller extends controller
{
public function __construct()
{
}
public function store(request $request)
{
$validated = $request->validate([
'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
'email' => 'required|email',
'phone' => 'required|string',
'address' => 'nullable|string',
'city' => 'nullable|string',
'website' => 'nullable|url',
'logo' => 'nullable|image|mimes:jpeg,png,jpg,gif,svg|max:2048',
]);
if ($request->hasfile('logo')) {
$path = $request->file('logo')->store('logos', 'public');
$validated['logo'] = $path;
}
$employer = $request->user()->employer()->create($validated);
return response()->json($employer, 201);
}
}
第 4 步：创建 pest 测试
创建测试文件并编写测试用例来验证雇主的创建，包括上传徽标。
创建测试文件：
php artisan pest:test employercontrollertest
编写测试用例（tests/feature/employercontrollertest.php）：
<?php
use illuminate\foundation\testing\refreshdatabase;
use illuminate\support\facades\auth;
use app\models\user;
use app\models\employer;
use illuminate\http\uploadedfile;
use illuminate\support\facades\storage;
uses(refreshdatabase::class);
it('prevents guests from creating an employer', function () {
// define the data to be sent in the post request
$data = [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 employer st',
'city' => 'employer city',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// send the post request to create the employer as a guest (unauthenticated)
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// assert that the response status is 401 (unauthorized)
$response->assertstatus(401);
// optionally, check that the employer was not created
$this->assertdatabasemissing('employers', [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer for authenticated user', function () {
// create a user and log them in
$user = user::factory()->create();
auth::login($user);
// define the data to be sent in the post request
$data = [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 employer st',
'city' => 'employer city',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
];
// send the post request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// assert that the response status is 201 (created)
$response->assertstatus(201);
// assert that the employer was created
$this->assertdatabasehas('employers', [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
});
it('creates a new employer with a logo', function () {
// create a user and log them in
$user = user::factory()->create();
auth::login($user);
// fake a storage disk for testing
storage::fake('public');
// define the data to be sent in the post request
$data = [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
'phone' => '1234567890',
'address' => '123 employer st',
'city' => 'employer city',
'website' => 'https://www.employer.com',
'logo' => uploadedfile::fake()->image('logo.png'), // fake file for testing
];
// send the post request to create the employer
$response = $this->post('/api/employers', $data);
// assert that the response status is 201 (created)
$response->assertstatus(201);
// optionally, check if the employer was actually created
$this->assertdatabasehas('employers', [
'name' => 'test employer',
'email' => 'test@employer.com',
]);
// check that the file was uploaded
storage::disk('public')->assertexists('logos/logo.png'); // adjust path as needed
});
第 5 步：运行害虫测试
运行您的 pest 测试以确保一切按预期工作：
php artisan test --testsuit=Feature
结论
按照以下步骤，您可以使用 pest 在 laravel 中创建测试用例来验证雇主记录的创建，包括处理文件上传。这种方法可确保您的应用程序按预期运行，并有助于在开发过程的早期发现任何问题。测试愉快！
