一、前台传递字符串变量,后台返回字符串变量(非json格式)
javascript代码:
这里,为了解决Ajax数据传递出现的汉字乱码,在字符串传递之前,使用javascript函数escape()对汉字字符串进行了编码,并且对返回
的字符串使用unescape()函数进行解码,使得汉字得以正常显示。当然了,后台PHP代码也添加了头文件,以保证汉字字符串不会出现乱码。各种后台代码解决
汉字乱码问题的方式如下:
PHP:header('Content-Type:text/html;charset=GB2312');
ASP:Response.Charset("GB2312")
JSP:response.setHeader("Charset","GB2312");
立即学习“PHP免费学习笔记(深入)”;
<span style="color: #008080;"> 1</span> $(<span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data="前台变量"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 3</span> my_data=escape(my_data)+"";<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">编码,防止汉字乱码</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 4</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> $.ajax({
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 5</span> url: "ajax_php.php"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 6</span> type: "POST"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 7</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> data:{trans_data:my_data},
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 8</span> <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">dataType: "json",</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 9</span> error: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;">10</span> alert('Error loading XML document'<span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">11</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> },
</span><span style="color: #008080;">12</span> success: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span>(data,status){<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">如果调用php成功 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">13</span> alert(unescape(data));<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">解码,显示汉字</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">14</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">15</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> });
</span><span style="color: #008080;">16</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">17</span> });
PHP代码:
<span style="color: #008080;">1</span> <span style="color: #000000;">php
</span><span style="color: #008080;">2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">header</span>('Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312');<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">使用gb2312编码,使中文不会变成乱码</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">3</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>."+后台返回"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">5</span> ?>
显示效果如下图所示:

二、前台传递多个一维数组,后台返回字符串变量(非json格式)
javascript代码:
在非json格式下,后台只能返回字符串,如果想后台返回数组,可以采用json格式,在本文的后面会详细介绍。
AJAX即“Asynchronous Javascript And XML”(异步JavaScript和XML),是指一种创建交互式网页应用的网页开发技术。它不是新的编程语言,而是一种使用现有标准的新方法,最大的优点是在不重新加载整个页面的情况下,可以与服务器交换数据并更新部分网页内容,不需要任何浏览器插件,但需要用户允许JavaScript在浏览器上执行。《php中级教程之ajax技术》带你快速
<span style="color: #008080;"> 1</span> $(<span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data1=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 4</span> my_data[0]=0<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 5</span> my_data[1]=1<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 6</span> my_data[2]=2<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 7</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 8</span> my_data1[0]=10<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 9</span> my_data1[1]=11<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">10</span> my_data1[2]=12<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">11</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">12</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> $.ajax({
</span><span style="color: #008080;">13</span> url: "ajax_php.php"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">14</span> type: "POST"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">15</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> data:{trans_data:my_data,trans_data1:my_data1},
</span><span style="color: #008080;">16</span> <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">dataType: "json",</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">17</span> error: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;">18</span> alert('Error loading XML document'<span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">19</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> },
</span><span style="color: #008080;">20</span> success: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span>(data,status){<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">如果调用php成功 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">21</span> alert(data);
<span style="color: #008080;">22</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">23</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> });
</span><span style="color: #008080;">24</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">25</span> });
PHP代码:
<span style="color: #008080;"> 1</span> <span style="color: #000000;">php
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">header</span>('Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312');<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">使用gb2312编码,使中文不会变成乱码
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 3</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 4</span> <span style="color: #008000;"> //读取第一个数组</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 5</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>="trans_data:"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 6</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$trans</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">foreach</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$trans</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">as</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$value</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 8</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> {
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 9</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>." ".<span style="color: #800080;">$value</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">10</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">11</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">12</span> <span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">读取第二个数组</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">13</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>." , trans_data1:"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">14</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$trans</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data1'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">15</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">foreach</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$trans</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">as</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$value</span><span style="color: #000000;">)
</span><span style="color: #008080;">16</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> {
</span><span style="color: #008080;">17</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>." ".<span style="color: #800080;">$value</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">18</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">19</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span><span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">20</span> ?>
显示效果如下图:

三、前台传递多个一维数组,后台返回二维数组(json格式)
javascript代码:
<span style="color: #008080;"> 1</span> $(<span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data1=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 4</span> my_data[0]=0<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 5</span> my_data[1]=1<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 6</span> my_data[2]=2<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 7</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 8</span> my_data1[0]=10<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 9</span> my_data1[1]=11<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">10</span> my_data1[2]=12<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">11</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">12</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> $.ajax({
</span><span style="color: #008080;">13</span> url: "ajax_php.php"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">14</span> type: "POST"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">15</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> data:{trans_data:my_data,trans_data1:my_data1},
</span><span style="color: #008080;">16</span> dataType: "json"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">17</span> error: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;">18</span> alert('Error loading XML document'<span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">19</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> },
</span><span style="color: #008080;">20</span> success: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span>(data){<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">如果调用php成功 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">21</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> back=""<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">22</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> i=0;i){
<span style="color: #008080;">23</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> j=0;j<data style="color: #000000;">){
<span style="color: #008080;">24</span> back+=" "+i+" 行 "+j+" 列 :"+data[i][j]+" "<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">25</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">26</span> back+="\n"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">27</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">28</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> alert(back);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">29</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">30</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> });
</span><span style="color: #008080;">31</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">32</span> });</data>
PHP代码:
<span style="color: #008080;">1</span> <span style="color: #000000;">php
</span><span style="color: #008080;">2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">header</span>('Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312');<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">使用gb2312编码,使中文不会变成乱码 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">3</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">();
</span><span style="color: #008080;">4</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>[0]=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">5</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>[1]=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data1'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">6</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">7</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> json_encode(<span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">8</span> ?>
显示效果如下图:

四、前台传递一维数组和二维数组,后台返回二维数组(json格式)
javascript代码:
<span style="color: #008080;"> 1</span> $(<span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 2</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 3</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data1=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 4</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> my_data2=<span style="color: #0000ff;">new</span><span style="color: #000000;"> Array();
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 5</span>
<span style="color: #008080;"> 6</span> my_data[0]=0<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 7</span> my_data[1]=1<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 8</span> my_data[2]=2<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;"> 9</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">10</span> my_data1[0]=10<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">11</span> my_data1[1]=11<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">12</span> my_data1[2]=12<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">13</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">14</span> my_data2[0]=<span style="color: #000000;">my_data;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">15</span> my_data2[1]=<span style="color: #000000;">my_data1;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">16</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">17</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> $.ajax({
</span><span style="color: #008080;">18</span> url: "ajax_php.php"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">19</span> type: "POST"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">20</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> data:{trans_data:my_data,trans_data1:my_data1,trans_data2:my_data2},
</span><span style="color: #008080;">21</span> dataType: "json"<span style="color: #000000;">,
</span><span style="color: #008080;">22</span> error: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span><span style="color: #000000;">(){
</span><span style="color: #008080;">23</span> alert('Error loading XML document'<span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">24</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> },
</span><span style="color: #008080;">25</span> success: <span style="color: #0000ff;">function</span>(data){<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">如果调用php成功 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">26</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> back=""<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">27</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> i=0;i){
<span style="color: #008080;">28</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">for</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">var</span> j=0;j<data style="color: #000000;">){
<span style="color: #008080;">29</span> back+=" "+i+" 行 "+j+" 列 :"+data[i][j]+" "<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">30</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">31</span> back+="\n"<span style="color: #000000;">;
</span><span style="color: #008080;">32</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">33</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> alert(back);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">34</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> }
</span><span style="color: #008080;">35</span> <span style="color: #000000;"> });
</span><span style="color: #008080;">36</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">37</span> });</data>
PHP代码:
<span style="color: #008080;">1</span> <span style="color: #000000;">php
</span><span style="color: #008080;">2</span> <span style="color: #008080;">header</span>('Content-Type:text/html; charset=gb2312');<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">使用gb2312编码,使中文不会变成乱码 </span>
<span style="color: #008080;">3</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #0000ff;">array</span><span style="color: #000000;">();
</span><span style="color: #008080;">4</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data2'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">5</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>[2]=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">6</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span>[3]=<span style="color: #800080;">$_POST</span>['trans_data1'<span style="color: #000000;">];
</span><span style="color: #008080;">7</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">8</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> json_encode(<span style="color: #800080;">$backValue</span><span style="color: #000000;">);
</span><span style="color: #008080;">9</span> ?>
显示效果如下图:











