Bootstrap provides several options for creating navigation menus, like tabbed and vertical pills. To create this kind of navigation menus in Bootstrap, we can use the built-in classes and components offered by the framework. This aids in creating a stylish and functional navigation menu that works well on all devices.
方法 - 1：选项卡式导航
In this type of menus each tab represents a different section of the website. The pills are arranged horizontally. Whenever a tab is clicked, the corresponding section gets displayed.
Algorithm
加载Bootstrap的CSS和JavaScript文件。
Add a container element with the heading "Tutorialspoint".
Create a navigation menu with 3 tabs.
声明每个选项卡。
为每个选项卡添加一些内容。
Load the Bootstrap JavaScript and jQuery files.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Tabbed Pill Navigation Menu Example</title> <!-- Add Bootstrap CSS --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css"> </head> <body> <!-- Container for the navigation menu and content --> <div class="container mt-4"> <!-- Page title --> <h1>Tutorialspoint</h1> <!-- Navigation menu with tabs as pills --> <ul class="nav nav-pills mb-3" id="pills-tab" role="tablist"> <!-- Home tab --> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link active" id="pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a> </li> <!-- Profile tab --> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" id="pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a> </li> <!-- Contact tab --> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" id="pills-contact-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#pills-contact" role="tab" aria-controls="pills-contact" aria-selected="false">Contact</a> </li> </ul> <!-- Content for each tab --> <div class="tab-content" id="pills-tabContent"> <!-- Home tab content --> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-home-tab"> <h1>Home</h1> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p> </div> <!-- Profile tab content --> <div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-profile-tab"> <h1>Profile</h1> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p> </div> <!-- Contact tab content --> <div class="tab-pane fade" id="pills-contact" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="pills-contact-tab"> <h1>Contact</h1> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.</p> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Add Bootstrap JS --> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/popper.js@1.16.0/dist/umd/popper.min.js"></script> <script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html>
方法 - 2：垂直药丸导航
垂直标签页，另一方面，是一种导航菜单类型，其中链接垂直排列而不是水平排列。这有助于创建流畅的用户体验。
Algorithm
创建一个带有标题“Tutorialspoint”的容器。
The container should have one row and two columns.
第一列包含垂直导航菜单，而第二列显示所选菜单项的内容。
菜单是使用"nav"和"nav-pill"类创建的，这使得菜单项以类似药丸的垂直样式显示。
每个项目都是一个带有唯一“href”的锚点标签，该标签链接到显示相应内容的“选项卡面板”。
The content of each menu is displayed in a "tab pane" wrapped in a "tab content" class.
The JavaScript code includes the jQuery library and some Bootstrap JavaScript plugins to make the menu work.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Vertical Pill Navigation Menu</title>
<!-- Add Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<!-- Add jQuery -->
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!-- Add Popper.js -->
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.16.0/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
<!-- Add Bootstrap JS -->
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<style>
body {
background-color: #f8f9fa;
}
/* Style for nav links */
.nav-pills .nav-link {
color: #fff;
background-color: #61a4f0;
border-radius: 0;
margin: 5px 0;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 10px;
border: none;
transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
}
/* Style for active and hover nav links */
.nav-pills .nav-link:hover,
.nav-pills .nav-link.active {
background-color: #007bff;
color: #fff;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
/* Remove focus outline from nav links */
.nav-pills .nav-link:focus {
box-shadow: none;
outline: none;
}
/* Style for tab content */
.tab-content {
background-color: #fff;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 0 4px 4px 4px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Tutorialspoint</h1>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3">
<!-- Vertical navigation pills -->
<div class="nav flex-column nav-pills" id="v-pills-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical">
<a class="nav-link active" id="v-pills-home-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-home" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-home" aria-selected="true">Home</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-profile-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-profile" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-profile" aria-selected="false">Profile</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-messages-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-messages" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-messages" aria-selected="false">Messages</a>
<a class="nav-link" id="v-pills-settings-tab" data-toggle="pill" href="#v-pills-settings" role="tab" aria-controls="v-pills-settings" aria-selected="false">Settings</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-9">
<!-- Tab content -->
<div class="tab-content" id="v-pills-tabContent">
<!-- Home tab -->
<div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-pills-home" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-home-tab">
<h3>Home</h3>
<p>Welcome to the home page!</p>
</div>
<!-- Profile tab -->
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-profile" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-profile-tab">
<h3>Profile</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor.</p>
</div>
<!-- Messages tab -->
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-messages" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-messages-tab">
<h3>Messages</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor.</p>
</div>
<!-- Settings tab -->
<div class="tab-pane fade" id="v-pills-settings" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-pills-settings-tab">
<h3>Settings</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Add Bootstrap JS -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/popper.js@1.16.0/dist/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
结论
这些类型的菜单可以提升网站的用户界面和用户体验。
Some of the alternate ways of implementation includes,
使用自定义的CSS和javascript函数创建一个自定义菜单。
除了Bootstrap之外，像Materialize和Bulma这样的CSS框架提供类似的功能。
我们还可以使用一些第三方库，如jQuery UI、UIkit和Semantic UI来创建这种导航菜单。
