Springboot怎么利用Redis实现接口幂等性拦截

正文

自定义注解 怎么玩的 ：      

①标记哪个接口需要进行幂等性拦截        

②每个接口可以要求幂等性范围时间不一样，举例：可以2秒内，可以3秒内，时间自己传        

③ 一旦触发了，提示语可以不同 ，举例：VIP的接口，普通用户的接口，提示语不一样（开玩笑）

效果：

实战开始

核心三件套

注解、拦截器、拦截器配置

① RepeatDaMie.java

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
 
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @Date: 2022-6-13 9:04
 * @Description:  自定义注解,防止重复提交
 */
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface RepeatDaMie {
 
    /**
     * 时间ms限制
     */
    public int second() default 1;
 
    /**
     * 提示消息
     */
    public String describe() default "重复提交了,兄弟";
    
}

②ApiRepeatInterceptor.java

import com.example.repeatdemo.annotation.RepeatDaMie;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.ContextUtil;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.Md5Encrypt;
import com.example.repeatdemo.util.RedisUtils;
import com.example.repeatdemo.wrapper.CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;
 
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @Date: 2022-6-15 9:11
 * @Description: 接口幂等性校验拦截器
 */
@Component
public class ApiRepeatInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
 
    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
 
    private static final String POST="POST";
    private static final String GET="GET";
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        try {
            if (handler instanceof HandlerMethod) {
                HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler;
                // 获取RepeatDaMie注解
                RepeatDaMie repeatDaMie = handlerMethod.getMethodAnnotation(RepeatDaMie.class);
                if (null==repeatDaMie) {
                    return true;
                }
                //限制的时间范围
                int seconds = repeatDaMie.second();
                //这个用户唯一标识，可以自己细微调整，是userId还是token还是sessionId还是不需要
                String userUniqueKey = request.getHeader("userUniqueKey");
                String method = request.getMethod();
                String apiParams = "";
                if (GET.equals(method)){
                    log.info("GET请求来了");
                    apiParams = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(request.getParameterMap());
                }else if (POST.equals(method)){
                    log.info("POST请求来了");
                    CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper wrapper = (CustomHttpServletRequestWrapper) request;
                    apiParams = wrapper.getBody();
                }
               log.info("当前参数是：{}",apiParams);
                // 存储key
                String keyRepeatDaMie = Md5Encrypt.md5(userUniqueKey+request.getServletPath()+apiParams) ;
                RedisUtils redisUtils = ContextUtil.getBean(RedisUtils.class);
                if (Objects.nonNull(redisUtils.get(keyRepeatDaMie))){
                   log.info("重复请求了，重复请求了，拦截了");
                   returnData(response,repeatDaMie.describe());
                   return false;
               }else {
                    redisUtils.setWithTime(keyRepeatDaMie, true,seconds);
               }
 
            }
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("请求过于频繁请稍后再试");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return true;
    }
 
    public void returnData(HttpServletResponse response,String msg) throws IOException {
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        //这里传提示语可以改成自己项目的返回数据封装的类
        response.getWriter().println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(msg));
        return;
    }
 
}

③ WebConfig.java

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
 
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @Date: 2022-6-15 9:24
 * @Description:
 */
@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
 
    
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new ApiRepeatInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
    }
}

工具类三件套

①ContextUtil.java

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import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @Date: 2022-6-15 9:24
 * @Description:
 */
@Component
public final class ContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
    protected static ApplicationContext applicationContext ;
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext arg0) throws BeansException {
        if (applicationContext == null) {
            applicationContext = arg0;
        }
    }
    public static Object getBean(String name) {
        //name表示其他要注入的注解name名
        return applicationContext.getBean(name);
    }
    /**
     * 拿到ApplicationContext对象实例后就可以手动获取Bean的注入实例对象
     */
    public static  T getBean(Class clazz) {
        return applicationContext.getBean(clazz);
    }
}

②Md5Encrypt.java

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 
/**
 * @Author: JCccc
 * @CreateTime: 2018-10-30
 * @Description:
 */
public class Md5Encrypt {
 
    private static final char[] DIGITS = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a',
            'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
 
    /**
     * 对字符串进行MD5加密
     *
     * @param text 明文
     * @return 密文
     */
    public static String md5(String text) {
        MessageDigest msgDigest = null;
 
        try {
            msgDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("System doesn't support MD5 algorithm.");
        }
 
        try {
            // 注意该接口是按照指定编码形式签名
            msgDigest.update(text.getBytes("UTF-8"));
 
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
 
            throw new IllegalStateException("System doesn't support your  EncodingException.");
 
        }
 
        byte[] bytes = msgDigest.digest();
 
        String md5Str = new String(encodeHex(bytes));
 
        return md5Str;
    }
 
    private static char[] encodeHex(byte[] data) {
 
        int l = data.length;
 
        char[] out = new char[l << 1];
        // two characters form the hex value.
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < l; i++) {
            out[j++] = DIGITS[(0xF0 & data[i]) >>> 4];
            out[j++] = DIGITS[0x0F & data[i]];
        }
 
        return out;
    }
}

③RedisUtils.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 
@Component
public class RedisUtils {
 
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
 
    /**
     * 写入String型 [ 键，值]
     *
     * @param key
     * @param value
     * @return
     */
 
    public boolean set(final String key, Object value) {
        boolean result = false;
        try {
            ValueOperations operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
            operations.set(key, value);
            result = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
 
    }
 
 
 
    /**
     * 写入String型,顺便带有过期时间 [ 键，值]
     *
     * @param key
     * @param value
     * @return
     */
 
    public boolean setWithTime(final String key, Object value,int seconds) {
        boolean result = false;
        try {
 
            ValueOperations operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
            operations.set(key, value,seconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            result = true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
 
    }
 
 
 
    /**
     * 批量删除对应的value
     *
     * @param keys
     */
 
    public void remove(final String... keys) {
        for (String key : keys) {
            remove(key);
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 批量删除key
     *
     * @param pattern
     */
 
    public void removePattern(final String pattern) {
        Set keys = redisTemplate.keys(pattern);
        if (keys.size() > 0)
            redisTemplate.delete(keys);
    }
 
    /**
     * 删除对应的value
     *
     * @param key
     */
 
    public void remove(final String key) {
        if (exists(key)) {
            redisTemplate.delete(key);
        }
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 判断缓存中是否有对应的value
     *
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
 
    public boolean exists(final String key) {
        return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 读取缓存
     *
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
 
    public Object get(final String key) {
        Object result = null;
        ValueOperations operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        result = operations.get(key);
        return result;
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 哈希 添加
     * hash 一个键值(key->value)对集合
     *
     * @param key
     * @param hashKey
     * @param value
     */
 
    public void hmSet(String key, Object hashKey, Object value) {
 
        HashOperations hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
 
        hash.put(key, hashKey, value);
 
    }
 
 
    /**
     * Hash获取数据
     *
     * @param key
     * @param hashKey
     * @return
     */
 
    public Object hmGet(String key, Object hashKey) {
        HashOperations hash = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        return hash.get(key, hashKey);
 
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 列表添加
     * list:lpush key value1
     *
     * @param k
     * @param v
     */
 
    public void lPush(String k, Object v) {
        ListOperations list = redisTemplate.opsForList();
        list.rightPush(k, v);
    }
 
 
    /**
     * 列表List获取
     * lrange： key 0 10 (读取的个数 从0开始 读取到下标为10 的数据)
     *
     * @param k
     * @param l
     * @param l1
     * @return
     */
 
    public List