excel对于下拉框较多选项的，需要使用隐藏工作簿来解决，使用函数取值来做选项
选项较少（一般少于5个）：
private static DataValidation setFewDataValidation(Sheet sheet, String[] textList, int firstRow, int endRow, int firstCol, int endCol) {
DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
//加载下拉列表内容
DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(textList);
constraint.setExplicitListValues(textList);
//设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList((short) firstRow, (short) endRow, (short) firstCol, (short) endCol);
//数据有效性对象
return helper.createValidation(constraint, regions);
}选项较多
创建隐藏工作簿:
Sheet sheetHidden = wb.createSheet("Sheet2");
wb.setSheetHidden(1, true);每一个列表占用一列
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当然也可以每个列表使用一张工作簿，只用第一列。 这里是使用一个工作簿使用每个列，先26个字母，一般够用了
String[] arr = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"};for (int j = 0; j < dataList.size(); j++) {
if (index == 0) { //第1个下拉选项，直接创建行、列
row = sheetHidden.createRow(j); //创建数据行
// sheetHidden.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //设置每列的列宽
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值
} else { //非第1个下拉选项
int rowCount = sheetHidden.getLastRowNum();
if (j <= rowCount) { //前面创建过的行，直接获取行，创建列
//获取行，创建列
sheetHidden.getRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值
} else { //未创建过的行，直接创建行、创建列
// sheetHidden.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //设置每列的列宽
//创建行、创建列
sheetHidden.createRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值
}
}
}index 代表第几个下拉框，也就是在隐藏工作簿的第几列，dataList表示下拉框的内容
创建公式：
String strFormula = "Sheet2!$" + arr[index] + "$1:$" + arr[index] + "$" + dataList.size();
Sheet2第A1到A5000作为下拉列表来源数据
xls和xlsx生成下拉框的选项不一样
private static DataValidation setMoreDataValidation(Workbook wb, Sheet sheet, String strFormula, int startRow, int endRow, int startColumn, int endColumn) {
DataValidation dataValidation;
// 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上,四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(startRow, endRow, startColumn, endColumn);
if (wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook) {
//获取新sheet页内容
XSSFDataValidationConstraint constraint = new XSSFDataValidationConstraint(DataValidationConstraint.ValidationType.LIST, strFormula);
// 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上,四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
// 数据有效性对象
DataValidationHelper help = new XSSFDataValidationHelper((XSSFSheet) sheet);
dataValidation = help.createValidation(constraint, regions);
dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
} else {
// 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createFormulaListConstraint(strFormula);
dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
}
dataValidation.setEmptyCellAllowed(true);
dataValidation.setShowPromptBox(true);
dataValidation.createErrorBox("Error", "请选择下拉框中的数据");
dataValidation.createPromptBox("提示", "只能选择下拉框里面的数据");
return dataValidation;
}加入工作簿:
sheet.addValidationData()
完整代码:
private static void setValidationDate(Workbook wb, Sheet sheet, ListdataValidationCellList) { if (dataValidationCellList.isEmpty()) { return; } String[] arr = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"}; int index = 0; Row row; Sheet sheetHidden = wb.createSheet("Sheet2"); wb.setSheetHidden(1, true); for (DataValidationCell dataValidationCell : dataValidationCellList) { List dataList = dataValidationCell.getDataList(); if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(dataList)) { continue; } if (dataList.size() <= 5) { sheet.addValidationData(setFewDataValidation(sheet, dataList.toArray(new String[0]), dataValidationCell.getStartRow(), dataValidationCell.getEndRow(), dataValidationCell.getStartColumn(), dataValidationCell.getEndColumn())); //超过255个报错 } else { //String strFormula = "Sheet2!$A$1:$A$5000" ; //Sheet2第A1到A5000作为下拉列表来源数据 String strFormula = "Sheet2!$" + arr[index] + "$1:$" + arr[index] + "$" + dataList.size(); //Sheet2第A1到A5000作为下拉列表来源数据 sheet.addValidationData(setMoreDataValidation(wb, sheet, strFormula, dataValidationCell.getStartRow(), dataValidationCell.getEndRow(), dataValidationCell.getStartColumn(), dataValidationCell.getEndColumn())); //下拉列表元素很多的情况 //2、生成sheet2内容 for (int j = 0; j < dataList.size(); j++) { if (index == 0) { //第1个下拉选项，直接创建行、列 row = sheetHidden.createRow(j); //创建数据行 // sheetHidden.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //设置每列的列宽 row.createCell(0).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值 } else { //非第1个下拉选项 int rowCount = sheetHidden.getLastRowNum(); if (j <= rowCount) { //前面创建过的行，直接获取行，创建列 //获取行，创建列 sheetHidden.getRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值 } else { //未创建过的行，直接创建行、创建列 // sheetHidden.setColumnWidth(j, 4000); //设置每列的列宽 //创建行、创建列 sheetHidden.createRow(j).createCell(index).setCellValue(dataList.get(j)); //设置对应单元格的值 } } } index++; } } }
public static class DataValidationCell{
private int startRow;
private int endRow;
private int startColumn;
private int endColumn;
private List dataList;
} 
