下面由centos教程栏目给大家介绍centos7系统初始化设置的方法，希望对需要的朋友有所帮助！
CentOS7系统初始化设置
2019年03月07日系统版本：CentOS Linux release 7.3-1611
1. 网络配置
使用 nmtui 图形工具配置IP地址和主机名
IP：192.168.82.103/24 主机名：leanote.jmkf.com
也可以更改配置文件
[root@leanote ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy NAME=ens32 UUID=eb220f0e-779d-48c6-8e1b-093b2f9eff0f DEVICE=ens32 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.55.58 PREFIX=24 IPADDR1=192.168.82.103 PREFIX1=24 GATEWAY=192.168.82.254 DNS1=192.168.94.201 IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
2. 关闭防火墙
2.1 查看firewall
# systemctl status firewalld.service
[root@leanote ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 五 2017-12-29 12:10:34 CST; 3s ago
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
Main PID: 11473 (firewalld)
CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
└─11473 /usr/bin/python -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
12月 29 12:10:33 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
12月 29 12:10:34 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
- 此状态表示防火墙处于开启状态 -2.2 关闭firewall
# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@leanote ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@leanote ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:firewalld(1)
12月 29 12:10:33 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
12月 29 12:10:34 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
12月 29 13:43:31 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Stopping firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
12月 29 13:43:31 leanote.jmkf.com systemd[1]: Stopped firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
- 此状态表示防火墙处于关闭状态 -2.3 禁止firewall开机启动
# systemctl enable firewalld.service 启用 # systemctl disable firewalld.service 禁用
[root@leanote ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service. Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [root@leanote ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
3. 关闭SELINUX
[root@leanote ~]# setenforce 0 临时关闭
永久关闭需要修改SELINUX的配置文件 /etc/selinux/config
将SELINUX=enforcing 改为 SELINUX=disable
[root@leanote ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. #SELINUX=enforcing SELINUX=disable # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted
4. 更改YUM源
可选 阿里云、网易云、其他网站 或者内网yum源
将 /etc/yum.repos.d/ 下的文件备份并下载相应repo文件
https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror
4.1 备份
备份所有
# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak # mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
或者只备份 CentOS-Base.repo 文件
# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
4.2 下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS 5
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo 或者 # curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo
CentOS 6
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo 或者 # curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
CentOS 7
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 或者 # curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
4.3 配置epel源
epel(RHEL 7) wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo epel(RHEL 6) wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo epel(RHEL 5) wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-5.repo
4.4 运行yum makecache生成缓存
# yum clean all # yum makecache # yum repolist
5. 基本软件工具安装
通过配置好的YUM库安装常用软件和工具
# yum install -y vim # yum install -y wget # yum install -y lrzsz
最小化安装没有ifconfig命令解决方法
# yum search ifconfig # yum install -y net-tools # yum provides ifconfig
命令粘贴
nmtui systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable firewalld.service setenforce 0 vi /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disable mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo yum clean all yum makecache yum repolist yum install -y vim yum install -y wget yum install -y lrzsz yum install -y net-tools
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