一、结果跳转方式
<action name="Demo1Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo1Action" method="execute" ><result name="success" type="dispatcher" >/hello.jsp</result></action>
<action name="Demo2Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo2Action" method="execute" ><result name="success" type="redirect" >/hello.jsp</result></action>
<action name="Demo3Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo3Action" method="execute" > <result name="success" type="chain"> <!-- action的名字 --> <param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param> <!-- action所在的命名空间 --> <param name="namespace">/</param> </result></action>
<action name="Demo4Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo4Action" method="execute" ><result name="success" type="redirectAction"> <!-- action的名字 --> <param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param> <!-- action所在的命名空间 --> <param name="namespace">/</param></result></action>
二、访问servletAPI方式
1.原理
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2.通过ActionContext（推荐）
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPIpublic class Demo5Action extends ActionSupport {public String execute() throws Exception {//request域=> map (struts2并不推荐使用原生request域)//不推荐Map<String, Object> requestScope = (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");//推荐ActionContext.getContext().put("name", "requestTom");//session域 => mapMap<String, Object> sessionScope = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
sessionScope.put("name", "sessionTom");//application域=>mapMap<String, Object> applicationScope = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
applicationScope.put("name", "applicationTom"); return SUCCESS;
}
}
3.通过ServletActionContext
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPIpublic class Demo6Action extends ActionSupport {//并不推荐public String execute() throws Exception {//原生requestHttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();//原生sessionHttpSession session = request.getSession();//原生responseHttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();//原生servletContextServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();return SUCCESS;
}
}
4.通过实现接口方式
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPIpublic class Demo7Action extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware { private HttpServletRequest request;public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("原生request:"+request);return SUCCESS;
}
@Overridepublic void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {this.request = request;
}
}
三、如何获得参数
1.扩展
1.1 strutsMVC
1.2 Action生命周期
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1.2.1 每次请求到来时,都会创建一个新的Action实例
1.2.2 Action是线程安全的.可以使用成员变量接收参数
2.属性驱动获得参数
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo8Action">用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
//准备与参数键名称相同的属性private String name;//自动类型转换 只能转换8大基本数据类型以及对应包装类private Integer age;//支持特定类型字符串转换为Date ,例如 yyyy-MM-ddprivate Date birthday; public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("name参数值:"+name+",age参数值:"+age+",生日:"+birthday); return SUCCESS;
}public String getName() {return name;
}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;
}public Integer getAge() {return age;
}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;
}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;
}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;
}
3.对象驱动
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo9Action">用户名:<input type="text" name="user.name" /><br>年龄:<input type="text" name="user.age" /><br>生日:<input type="text" name="user.birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
public class Demo9Action extends ActionSupport {//准备user对象private User user;public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user); return SUCCESS;
}public User getUser() {return user;
}public void setUser(User user) {this.user = user;
}
}
4.模型驱动
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo10Action">用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
public class Demo10Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {//准备user 成员变量private User user =new User();public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user); return SUCCESS;
}
@Overridepublic User getModel() {return user;
}
}
四、集合类型参数封装
1.List和Map
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo11Action" method="post" >list:<input type="text" name="list" /><br>list:<input type="text" name="list[3]" /><br>map:<input type="text" name="map['haha']" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport {//listprivate List<String> list;//Mapprivate Map<String,String> map;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list:"+list);
System.out.println("map:"+map); return SUCCESS;
}public List<String> getList() {return list;
}public void setList(List<String> list) {this.list = list;
}public Map<String, String> getMap() {return map;
}public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {this.map = map;
}
}
五、练习:添加客户
注意:struts和hibernate包在合并时.javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar包是重复的,删除版本低的.
实现步骤：
public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer> {private CustomerService cs = new CustomerServiceImpl();private Customer customer = new Customer(); //添加客户public String add() throws Exception {//1 调用Service cs.save(customer);//2 重定向到列表action方法return "toList";
}
}
<package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" ><action name="CustomerAction_*" class="cn.itheima.web.action.CustomerAction" method="{1}" ><result name="list" >/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result><result name="toList" type="redirectAction"> <param name="actionName">CustomerAction_list</param> <param name="namespace">/</param> </result></action></package>
