python字符类型的一些方法小结

class str(basestring):
  """
  str(object='') -> string
  
  Return a nice string representation of the object.
  If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
  """
  def capitalize(self): 
    """ 首字母变大写 """
    """
    S.capitalize() -> string
    
    Return a copy of the string S with only its first character
    capitalized.
    """
    return ""

  def center(self, width, fillchar=None): 
    """ 内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空白处填充内容，默认无 """
    """
    S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string
    
    Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
    done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
    """
    return ""

  def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 
    """ 子序列个数 """
    """
    S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
    
    Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
    string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted
    as in slice notation.
    """
    return 0

  def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): 
    """ 解码 """
    """
    S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
    
    Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
    to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
    handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
    a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'
    as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is
    able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.
    """
    return object()

  def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): 
    """ 编码，针对unicode """
    """
    S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object
    
    Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults
    to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error
    handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
    a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
    'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
    codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
    """
    return object()

  def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): 
    """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """
    """
    S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
    
    Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
    With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
    With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
    suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
    """
    return False

  def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None): 
    """ 将tab转换成空格，默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """
    """
    S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string
    
    Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
    If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
    """
    return ""

  def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 
    """ 寻找子序列位置，如果没找到，返回 -1 """
    """
    S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
    
    Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
    such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
    arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
    
    Return -1 on failure.
    """
    return 0

  def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
    """ 字符串格式化，动态参数，将函数式编程时细说 """
    """
    S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string
    
    Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
    The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
    """
    pass

  def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 
    """ 子序列位置，如果没找到，报错 """
    S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
    
    Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
    """
    return 0

  def isalnum(self): 
    """ 是否是字母和数字 """
    """
    S.isalnum() -> bool
    
    Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
    and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def isalpha(self): 
    """ 是否是字母 """
    """
    S.isalpha() -> bool
    
    Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
    and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def isdigit(self): 
    """ 是否是数字 """
    """
    S.isdigit() -> bool
    
    Return True if all characters in S are digits
    and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def islower(self): 
    """ 是否小写 """
    """
    S.islower() -> bool
    
    Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
    at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def isspace(self): 
    """
    S.isspace() -> bool
    
    Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
    and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def istitle(self): 
    """
    S.istitle() -> bool
    
    Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
    character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased
    characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False
    otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def isupper(self): 
    """
    S.isupper() -> bool
    
    Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
    at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
    """
    return False

  def join(self, iterable): 
    """ 连接 """
    """
    S.join(iterable) -> string
    
    Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
    iterable. The separator between elements is S.
    """
    return ""

  def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): 
    """ 内容左对齐，右侧填充 """
    """
    S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
    
    Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
    done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
    """
    return ""

  def lower(self): 
    """ 变小写 """
    """
    S.lower() -> string
    
    Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
    """
    return ""

  def lstrip(self, chars=None): 
    """ 移除左侧空白 """
    """
    S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
    
    Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
    If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
    If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
    """
    return ""

  def partition(self, sep): 
    """ 分割，前，中，后三部分 """
    """
    S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
    
    Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
    the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not
    found, return S and two empty strings.
    """
    pass

  def replace(self, old, new, count=None): 
    """ 替换 """
    """
    S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string
    
    Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring
    old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is
    given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
    """
    return ""

  def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 
    """
    S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
    
    Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
    such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
    arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
    
    Return -1 on failure.
    """
    return 0

  def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 
    """
    S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int
    
    Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
    """
    return 0

  def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): 
    """
    S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string
    
    Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
    done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
    """
    return ""

  def rpartition(self, sep): 
    """
    S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
    
    Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
    the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the
    separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
    """
    pass

  def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): 
    """
    S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
    
    Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
    delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working
    to the front. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are
    done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string
    is a separator.
    """
    return []

  def rstrip(self, chars=None): 
    """
    S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode
    
    Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
    If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
    If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
    """
    return ""

  def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): 
    """ 分割， maxsplit最多分割几次 """
    """
    S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings
    
    Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the
    delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
    splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
    whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed
    from the result.
    """
    return []

  def splitlines(self, keepends=False): 
    """ 根据换行分割 """
    """
    S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings
    
    Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
    Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
    is given and true.
    """
    return []

  def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): 
    """ 是否起始 """
    """
    S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
    
    Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
    With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
    With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
    prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
    """
    return False

  def strip(self, chars=None): 
    """ 移除两段空白 """
    """
    S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode
    
    Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
    whitespace removed.
    If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
    If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping
    """
    return ""

  def swapcase(self): 
    """ 大写变小写，小写变大写 """
    """
    S.swapcase() -> string
    
    Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters
    converted to lowercase and vice versa.
    """
    return ""

  def title(self): 
    """
    S.title() -> string
    
    Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase
    characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase.
    """
    return ""

  def translate(self, table, deletechars=None): 
    """
    转换，需要先做一个对应表，最后一个表示删除字符集合
    intab = "aeiou"
    outtab = "12345"
    trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)
    str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
    print str.translate(trantab, 'xm')
    """

    """
    S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string
    
    Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring
    in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the
    remaining characters have been mapped through the given
    translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None.
    If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and
    the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars.
    """
    return ""

  def upper(self): 
    """
    S.upper() -> string
    
    Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase.
    """
    return ""

  def zfill(self, width): 
    """方法返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前面填充0。"""
    """
    S.zfill(width) -> string
    
    Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
    of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.
    """
    return ""

  def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    pass

  def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    pass

  def __add__(self, y): 
    """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
    pass

  def __contains__(self, y): 
    """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
    pass

  def __eq__(self, y): 
    """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
    pass

  def __format__(self, format_spec): 
    """
    S.__format__(format_spec) -> string
    
    Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
    """
    return ""

  def __getattribute__(self, name): 
    """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
    pass

  def __getitem__(self, y): 
    """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
    pass

  def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    pass

  def __getslice__(self, i, j): 
    """
    x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
          
          Use of negative indices is not supported.
    """
    pass

  def __ge__(self, y): 
    """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
    pass

  def __gt__(self, y): 
    """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
    pass

  def __hash__(self): 
    """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
    pass

  def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__
    """
    str(object='') -> string
    
    Return a nice string representation of the object.
    If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object.
    # (copied from class doc)
    """
    pass

  def __len__(self): 
    """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
    pass

  def __le__(self, y): 
    """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
    pass

  def __lt__(self, y): 
    """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x x%y """
    pass

  def __mul__(self, n): 
    """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """
    pass

  @staticmethod # known case of __new__
  def __new__(S, *more): 
    """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
    pass

  def __ne__(self, y): 
    """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
    pass

  def __repr__(self): 
    """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
    pass

  def __rmod__(self, y): 
    """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
    pass

  def __rmul__(self, n): 
    """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
    pass

  def __sizeof__(self): 
    """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
    pass

  def __str__(self): 
    """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
    pass

str

LIST 列表类型

class list(object):
  """
  list() -> new empty list
  list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
  """
  def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """
    pass

  def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
    return 0

  def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """
    pass

  def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
    Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
    """
    return 0

  def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """
    pass

  def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
    Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range.
    """
    pass

  def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value.
    Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
    """
    pass

  def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """
    pass

  def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*;
    cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1
    """
    pass

  def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
    pass

  def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
    pass

  def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
    pass

  def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]
          
          Use of negative indices is not supported.
    """
    pass

  def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
    pass

  def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
    pass

  def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
    pass

  def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
          
          Use of negative indices is not supported.
    """
    pass

  def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
    pass

  def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
    pass

  def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """
    pass

  def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """
    pass

  def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__
    """
    list() -> new empty list
    list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items
    # (copied from class doc)
    """
    pass

  def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
    pass

  def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
    pass

  def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
    pass

  def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x x*n """
    pass

  @staticmethod # known case of __new__
  def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
    pass

  def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
    pass

  def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
    pass

  def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """
    pass

  def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
    pass

  def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
    pass

  def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y
          
          Use of negative indices is not supported.
    """
    pass

  def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """
    pass

  __hash__ = None

list

tuple 元组类型

lass tuple(object):
  """
  tuple() -> empty tuple
  tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
  
  If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
  """
  def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """
    return 0

  def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
    Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
    """
    return 0

  def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
    pass

  def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """
    pass

  def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
    pass

  def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
    pass

  def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
    pass

  def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    pass

  def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]
          
          Use of negative indices is not supported.
    """
    pass

  def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
    pass

  def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
    pass

  def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
    pass

  def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__
    """
    tuple() -> empty tuple
    tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items
    
    If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
    # (copied from class doc)
    """
    pass

  def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
    pass

  def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
    pass

  def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
    pass

  def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x x*n """
    pass

  @staticmethod # known case of __new__
  def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
    pass

  def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
    pass

  def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
    pass

  def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """
    pass

  def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ T.__sizeof__() -- size of T in memory, in bytes """
    pass

tuple

字典类型

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class dict(object):
   """
   dict() -> new empty dictionary
   dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's
     (key, value) pairs
   dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:
     d = {}
     for k, v in iterable:
       d[k] = v
  dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs
    in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2)
  """

  def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 清除内容 """
    """ D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D. """
    pass

  def copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 浅拷贝 """
    """ D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D """
    pass

  @staticmethod # known case
  def fromkeys(S, v=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """
    dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v.
    v defaults to None.
    """
    pass

  def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 根据key获取值，d是默认值 """
    """ D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None. """
    pass

  def has_key(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 是否有key """
    """ D.has_key(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """
    return False

  def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 所有项的列表形式 """
    """ D.items() -> list of D's (key, value) pairs, as 2-tuples """
    return []

  def iteritems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 项可迭代 """
    """ D.iteritems() -> an iterator over the (key, value) items of D """
    pass

  def iterkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ key可迭代 """
    """ D.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys of D """
    pass

  def itervalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ value可迭代 """
    """ D.itervalues() -> an iterator over the values of D """
    pass

  def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 所有的key列表 """
    """ D.keys() -> list of D's keys """
    return []

  def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 获取并在字典中移除 """
    """
    D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
    If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised
    """
    pass

  def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 获取并在字典中移除 """
    """
    D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a
    2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty.
    """
    pass

  def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 如果key不存在，则创建，如果存在，则返回已存在的值且不修改 """
    """ D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """
    pass

  def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update
    """ 更新
      {'name':'alex', 'age': 18000}
      [('name','sbsbsb'),]
    """
    """
    D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
    If E present and has a .keys() method, does:   for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
    If E present and lacks .keys() method, does:   for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v
    In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]
    """
    pass

  def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 所有的值 """
    """ D.values() -> list of D's values """
    return []

  def viewitems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ 所有项，只是将内容保存至view对象中 """
    """ D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """
    pass

  def viewkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """
    pass

  def viewvalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ D.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on D's values """
    pass

  def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
    pass

  def __contains__(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ D.__contains__(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """
    return False

  def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """
    pass

  def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """
    pass

  def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
    pass

  def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """
    pass

  def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """
    pass

  def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """
    pass

  def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs): # known special case of dict.__init__
    """
    dict() -> new empty dictionary
    dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's
      (key, value) pairs
    dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via:
      d = {}
      for k, v in iterable:
        d[k] = v
    dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs
      in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2)
    # (copied from class doc)
    """
    pass

  def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """
    pass

  def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """
    pass

  def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """
    pass

  def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
    pass

  def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """
    pass

  def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
    pass

  def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """
    pass

  def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
    """ D.__sizeof__() -> size of D in memory, in bytes """
    pass

  __hash__ = None

dict

一、元素分类

有如下值集合 [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90...]，将所有大于 66 的值保存至字典的第一个key中，将小于 66 的值保存至第二个key的值中。 即： {'k1': 大于66的所有值, 'k2': 小于66的所有值}

二、查找

查找列表中元素，移除每个元素的空格，并查找以 a或A开头 并且以 c 结尾的所有元素。

li = ["alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain"]
tu = ("alec", " aric", "Alex", "Tony", "rain")
dic = {'k1': "alex", 'k2': ' aric',  "k3": "Alex", "k4": "Tony"}
 

三、输出商品列表，用户输入序号，显示用户选中的商品

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商品 li = ["手机", "电脑", '鼠标垫', '游艇']

四、购物车

功能要求：

•要求用户输入总资产，例如：2000

•显示商品列表，让用户根据序号选择商品，加入购物车

•购买，如果商品总额大于总资产，提示账户余额不足，否则，购买成功。

•附加：可充值、某商品移除购物车

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