当我测试异步操作时,我在测试代码中使用 async/await。
我需要准备测试数据。在本例中,我使用 json 服务器。
・mock/db.json
{
"users": [
{
"id": 1,
"name": "foo"
}
]
}
・package.json
"scripts": {
"dev": "vite",
"start": "vite",
"build": "vite build",
"test": "vitest",
"preview": "vite preview",
// ↓ setting a script for json server
"json-server": "npx json-server -w ./mock/db.json -p 4030"
},
然后我必须运行命令。
npm run json-server
・src/example.js
import getuserdata from "./components/getuserdata";
//the path of test data
export const endpoint_url = 'http://localhost:4030/users/1';
const example = () => {
return (
<>
>
);
};
export default example;
・src/components/getuserdata.jsx
import { useeffect, usestate } from "react";
import axios from "axios";
const getuserdata = ({ url }) => {
const [userdata, setuserdata] = usestate(null);
useeffect(() => {
axios.get(url).then((response) => setuserdata(response.data));
// eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
}, []);
return (
{userdata ? (
<>
profile
- id: {userdata.id}
- name: {userdata.name}
>
) : (
...loading
)}
);
};
export default getuserdata;
・src/components/getuserdata.test.jsx
import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
import getuserdata from "./getuserdata";
import { endpoint_url } from "../example";
describe("check an action of the getuserdata component", () => {
test("external data fetching in progress", () => {
render( );
const h1el = screen.getbyrole("heading", { name: "...loading" });
expect(h1el).tobeinthedocument();
});
★ not using async/await
test("after external data fetching", () => {
render( );
const h2el = screen.findbyrole("heading", { name: "profile" });
expect(h2el).tobeinthedocument();
const itemels = screen.findallbyrole("listitem");
expect(itemels[0].textcontent).tobe("id: 1");
expect(itemels[1].textcontent).tobe("name: foo");
});
});
- 如果我不使用 async/await,测试会在 expect(h2el).tobeinthedocument(); 处失败。

因为测试在没有用户数据的情况下继续进行。
・src/components/getuserdata.test.jsx
import { render, screen } from "@testing-library/react";
import GetUserData from "./GetUserData";
import { ENDPOINT_URL } from "../Example";
describe("Check an action of The GetUserData component", () => {
test("External data fetching in progress", () => {
render( );
const h1El = screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "...loading" });
expect(h1El).toBeInTheDocument();
});
★ Using async/await
test("After external data fetching", async () => {
render( );
const h2El = await screen.findByRole("heading", { name: "Profile" });
expect(h2El).toBeInTheDocument();
const itemEls = await screen.findAllByRole("listitem");
expect(itemEls[0].textContent).toBe("ID: 1");
expect(itemEls[1].textContent).toBe("Name: Foo");
});
});
- 如果我使用async/await,测试就会成功。

- 显示











