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PHP中include和require的区别实例详解

墨辰丷

发布： 2018-05-22 16:13:17

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网上太多关于php中include与require区别。然而事实真的如此吗，今天我们就通过一个具体的实例来简单分析验证下

先编辑command.php文件

echo 'hello'.PHP_EOL;

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然后编辑console.php文件

for($i=1;$i<=3;++$i){
	require 'command1.php';
}

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原本想要包含并执行这个echo，没想到写错了文件名，如果是require，会报出这样的错误：

Warning: require(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4

Fatal error: require(): Failed opening required 'command1.php' (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: require(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4
PHP Fatal error: require(): Failed opening required 'command1.php' (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4

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如果把require改为include

for($i=1;$i<=3;++$i){
	include 'command1.php';
}

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会报出这样的错误：

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Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4

Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4

Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4

Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4

Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4

Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(command1.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in console.php on line 4
PHP Warning: include(): Failed opening 'command1.php' for inclusion (include_path='.') in console.php on line 4

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如果使用require_once或者include_once，只要包含路径正确，那么循环只执行一次。

总结：

使用require，如果文件没有包含成功，就会报出一个fatal error，整个程序就中止了。

使用include，如果文件没有包含成功，就会报出一个普通的warning，之后的代码仍会执行。

如果你的Web程序使用了MVC这种对文件包含强依赖的设计方法，请使用require_once。