在Qt QML中通过Python字典动态更新TextEdit内容的教程

import sys
from pathlib import Path

from PySide6.QtGui import QGuiApplication
from PySide6.QtQml import QQmlApplicationEngine
from PySide6.QtCore import QObject, Slot, Signal


class Main(QObject):
    # 定义一个信号，用于将字典数据发送到QML
    # 'QVariant' 允许传递复杂的数据类型，如Python字典
    onSendBackDictionaryTextEditData = Signal('QVariant')

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Main, self).__init__(parent)

    @Slot()
    def populatingTextEdit(self):
        """
        生成并发送TextEdit所需的数据字典。
        字典的键与QML中TextEdit组件的ID严格对应。
        """
        textEditData = {
            'textEdit1': ['999999', '999999', '999999', '999999', '999999', '999999'],
            'textEdit2': ['Barbara ', 'Marieke', 'Ramses', 'Reatie', 'Gaby', 'Marthe'],
            'textEdit3': ['Bijvank', 'Sassen', 'Man', 'Projecten', 'Knol', 'Noordijk'],
            'textEdit4': ['', '', '', '', '', '']
        }
        # 发送信号，将字典数据传递给QML
        self.onSendBackDictionaryTextEditData.emit(textEditData)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QGuiApplication(sys.argv)
    engine = QQmlApplicationEngine()

    main = Main()
    # 将Python对象注册为QML上下文属性，使其可在QML中访问
    engine.rootContext().setContextProperty("main", main)

    qml_file = Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "main.qml"
    engine.load(qml_file)

    if not engine.rootObjects():
        sys.exit(-1)
    sys.exit(app.exec())

import QtQuick
import QtQuick.Window
import QtQuick.Controls
import QtQuick.Layouts

Window {
    width: 640
    height: 480
    visible: true
    title: qsTr("Hello World")

    // 关键：创建一个QML属性，将TextEdit的ID映射到其自身的对象引用
    // 这样可以在JavaScript中通过字符串键动态访问这些组件
    property var dict: Object({
            textEdit1: textEdit1,
            textEdit2: textEdit2,
            textEdit3: textEdit3,
            textEdit4: textEdit4
        })

    Rectangle {
        id: bg
        color: "#000000"
        anchors.fill: parent

        RowLayout {
            id: rowLayout
            x: 0
            y: 0
            width: 640
            height: 202

            // 定义四个TextEdit组件
            Rectangle {
                id: textEditrectangle1
                width: 200
                height: 200
                color: "#ffffff"
                Layout.fillHeight: true
                Layout.fillWidth: true

                TextEdit {
                    id: textEdit1 // ID与Python字典的键对应
                    text: qsTr("")
                    anchors.fill: parent
                    font.pixelSize: 12
                    font.family: "Arial"
                }
            }

            Rectangle {
                id: textEditrectangle2
                width: 200
                height: 200
                color: "#ffffff"
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                Layout.fillHeight: true

                TextEdit {
                    id: textEdit2 // ID与Python字典的键对应
                    text: qsTr("")
                    anchors.fill: parent
                    font.pixelSize: 12
                    font.family: "Arial"
                }
            }

            Rectangle {
                id: textEditrectangle3
                width: 200
                height: 200
                color: "#ffffff"
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                Layout.fillHeight: true

                TextEdit {
                    id: textEdit3 // ID与Python字典的键对应
                    text: qsTr("")
                    anchors.fill: parent
                    font.pixelSize: 12
                    font.family: "Arial"
                }
            }

            Rectangle {
                id: textEditrectangle4
                width: 200
                height: 200
                color: "#ffffff"
                Layout.fillWidth: true
                Layout.fillHeight: true

                TextEdit {
                    id: textEdit4 // ID与Python字典的键对应
                    text: qsTr("")
                    anchors.fill: parent
                    font.pixelSize: 12
                    font.family: "Arial"
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Connections {
        target: main // 监听Python对象'main'发出的信号

        function onSendBackDictionaryTextEditData(myDictionary) {
            // 遍历从Python接收到的字典
            for (const key in myDictionary) {
                // 确保键是字典自身的属性，并且在QML的'dict'映射中存在
                if (myDictionary.hasOwnProperty(key) && dict.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                    var textEdit = dict[key]; // 通过映射获取TextEdit组件的实际引用
                    // 进一步验证获取到的对象是否为有效的TextEdit组件
                    if (textEdit !== null && textEdit instanceof TextEdit) {
                        // 将Python传递的列表值用换行符连接起来，并赋值给TextEdit的text属性
                        textEdit.text = myDictionary[key].join("\n");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Component.onCompleted: {
        // QML组件加载完成后，调用Python的populatingTextEdit槽函数来获取数据
        main.populatingTextEdit()
    }
}